Occultation

An Earth orbiting detector sensitive to gamma ray photons will see step-like occultation features in its counting rate when a gamma ray point source crosses the Earth's limb.

This is due to the change in atmospheric attenuation of the gamma rays along the line of sight. In an uncollimated detector, these occultation features can be used to locate and monitor astrophysical sources provided their signals can be individually separated from the detector background. We show that the Earth occultation technique applied to the Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE) on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO) is a viable and flexible all-sky monitor in the low energy gamma ray and hard X-ray energy range (20 keV - 1 MeV). The method is an alternative to more sophisticated photon imaging devices for astronomy, and can serve well as a cost-effective science capability for monitoring the high energy sky.

Here we describe the Earth occultation technique for locating new sources and for measuring source intensity and spectra without the use of complex background models. Examples of transform imaging, step searches, spectra, and light curves are presented. Systematic uncertainties due to source confusion, detector response, and contamination from rapid background fluctuations are discussed and analyzed for their effect on intensity measurements. A sky location-dependent average systematic error is derived as a function of galactic coordinates. The sensitivity of the technique is derived as a function of incident photon energy and also as a function of angle between the source and the normal to the detector entrance window. Occultations of the Crab Nebula by the Moon are used to calibrate Earth occultation flux measurements independent of possible atmospheric scattering effects. See: The Burst and Transient Source Experiment Earth Occultation Technique

When You Look at the Cosmos......?

Scientists have turned up rare evidence that space-time is smooth as Einstein predicted, while pushing closer to a complete theory of gravity. From NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Fermi Gamma Ray Space Telescope. See: SpaceRip.com

.....you might be enamored with how you might see the cosmos as I am.

The question of continuity of expression as some mathematical construct with out seeing the uniqueness of  lets say lensing....how might we associate with such dynamics of that continuity?

According to Einstein's theory of general relativity, the sun's gravity causes starlight to bend, shifting the apparent position of stars in the sky.

It's the way in which the Lagrangian expressions are understood or how satellite travel helps to denote the pathways throughout our universe. Are traverse pathways being suggested as we might see the holes in the cosmos as unique just to satellite travel alone? Ask yourself how the photon is influenced then? What pathways are traveled that we may see the evidence on the screen that such association measure in the spectrum are revealing of events across space and time.

Astronomers use the light-bending properties of gravity to view very distant galaxies--such as the arc shapes in this image--in a technique called "gravitational lensing.

This book describes a revolutionary new approach to determining low energy routes for spacecraft and comets by exploiting regions in space where motion is very sensitive (or chaotic). It also represents an ideal introductory text to celestial mechanics, dynamical systems, and dynamical astronomy. Bringing together wide-ranging research by others with his own original work, much of it new or previously unpublished, Edward Belbruno argues that regions supporting chaotic motions, termed weak stability boundaries, can be estimated. Although controversial until quite recently, this method was in fact first applied in 1991, when Belbruno used a new route developed from this theory to get a stray Japanese satellite back on course to the moon. This application provided a major verification of his theory, representing the first application of chaos to space travel.

See Also:

• Time Dilation

• Relativistic Time Dilation in Muon Decay

• New constraints on energy-dependent speed of light from gamma ray bursts

What are the Foundational Building Blocks of Reality?

According to chemistry, everything in the universe is made of about 100 elements, as described by the Periodic Table. According to particle physics, those elements can be further divided into subatomic particles. The Standard Model, physics' answer to the Periodic Table, contains a short list of ingredients for all of matter: six quarks, six leptons and four force-carrying particles. In a video posted to YouTube this week, Fermilab physicist Don Lincoln explains physicists' recipe for the universe.See: Symmetry Magazine

G-2 Experiment

See:

• Muon

Things to scale in Powers of Ten

You know it won't make sense until you see that the underlying perspective is as if you can look at the world with a microscope or, look at the universe in terms of a large scale.

NanoTechnologies then are useful in terms of the job your doing and holds comparative views in terms of that Powers of Ten.

In the Interview with Turok you want to look at the Cosmos o a Microscopic Scale so that you understand the relationship of Particulate research as a foundation approach to what drives the universe in expression. This is why Particle research is very important. But why you must be open to the development of the technologies that force you to look at the way we do things.

Powers of Ten takes us on an adventure in magnitudes. Starting at a picnic by the lakeside in Chicago, this famous film transports us to the outer edges of the universe. Every ten seconds we view the starting point from ten times farther out until our own galaxy is visible only a s a speck of light among many others. Returning to Earth with breathtaking speed, we move inward- into the hand of the sleeping picnicker- with ten times more magnification every ten seconds. Our journey ends inside a proton of a carbon atom within a DNA molecule in a white blood cell. POWERS OF TEN © 1977 EAMES OFFICE LLC (Available at www.eamesoffice.com)

See Also: Astronomy Picture of the Day

Powers of Ten Blog

Figure 0.1 Snapshots of the Universe at a selection of length scales from the smallest to the largest scale.

See Also:

NanoTechnology

Nanotechnology (sometimes shortened to "nanotech") is the manipulation of matter on an atomic and molecular scale. Generally, nanotechnology works with materials, devices, and other structures with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometres. Quantum mechanical effects are important at this quantum-realm scale. With a variety of potential applications, nanotechnology is a key technology for the future and governments have invested billions of dollars in its research. Through its National Nanotechnology Initiative, the USA has invested 3.7 billion dollars. The European Union has invested 1.2 billion and Japan 750 million dollars.^[1]

Nanotechnology is very diverse, ranging from extensions of conventional device physics to completely new approaches based upon molecular self-assembly, from developing new materials with dimensions on the nanoscale to direct control of matter on the atomic scale. Nanotechnology entails the application of fields of science as diverse as surface science, organic chemistry, molecular biology, semiconductor physics, microfabrication, etc.

Scientists debate the future implications of nanotechnology. Nanotechnology may be able to create many new materials and devices with a vast range of applications, such as in medicine, electronics, biomaterials and energy production. On the other hand, nanotechnology raises many of the same issues as any new technology, including concerns about the toxicity and environmental impact of nanomaterials,^[2] and their potential effects on global economics, as well as speculation about various doomsday scenarios. These concerns have led to a debate among advocacy groups and governments on whether special regulation of nanotechnology is warranted.

 

 The most scientifically sophisticated building ever constructed at the University of Waterloo, this one-of-a-kind centre will facilitate transformational research with applications spanning computing, communications, medicine and beyond. Shared by the Institute for Quantum Computing (IQC) and the Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), this building provides our researchers with the tools and opportunities to unlock the amazing power of quantum information science and the boundless potential of nanotechnology. The groundbreaking discoveries that happen here will continue Waterloo’s long tradition of research excellence and innovation through the 21st century.

See: Ophelia Lazaridis Quantum-Nano Centre  and  Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology

See Also:

• Scienceshow/Nanotechnology

Neil Turok and Paul Kennedy at Perimeter

Exploring the Relationship Between Mathematics and Music

2010.103: Saloni Shah (2010) An Exploration of the Relationship between Mathematics and Music. Other thesis, Manchester Institute for Mathematical Sciences, The University of Manchester. 

This mathematical connection to music is an important one in my view.  Certainly makes for some interesting reading.

The Park

Some may understand the significance of this part of one's journey in the exploration of consciousness. It's really not that mystical that one has gone over to the crazy side exploitative of metaphysical issues that hold no constructive value to the efforts of looking into nature and what it means? A location, or a focus you see.

Let us say that for all intensive purposes that you pick a real location. Just so that you are on par with the understanding that this place is a real place. You can touch it, you can smell it....you can take it all in .....and others are here. Okay, so its a conference then. Your looking at the landscape?




While I have provided an image above it may be less then truthful of the park. It can be a Butterfly Sanctuary located just outside of Parksville on Vancouver Island.

It was more of what this Picture means to me as an example of,  and feeling of. So while it is not an image of the park of m youth  it reminded me of one.  I had been to "a Park-Focus 27" when I was very young through happen stance encouraged by my wanting to know what I was to be when I was older. So you now recognize the distinction, and I did not have to do much work.

The correlations can happen from what one may find from using a systemic effort to organize a route that others have traveled and are traveling unbeknownst to them self. The odds are that you will find other people who in having no experience have awakened these correlations in search capabilities in perspective.

The framework regardless of the abstraction that is delivered is related too contact with levels of  perception that are not normally sought after on a everyday level. It could be the areas of work or expertise that one ventures through that enhance attributes of your perceptions.

So what do you find?
  
Focus 15: A state of "no time" in which you explore beyond the constraints of time and place. Opportunities are abundant for establishing communication with larger aspects of self.

Setting and knowing the route ahead you pave the way for the paradigm method to arrive on the doorstep to new and interesting thoughts about what is taken from that Locale. So your a scientist of a kind and you want reproducible results that others can experience too. So you work the method to perceptional awareness to contract occurrence with lets say Focus 15 or above? What is the benefit then?

Here's the thing that is interesting, whether your some mathematician or scientist, you are using part of your intellect focus to penetrate current constructs in order to either extend them or discover new attributes of the work. The shift in focus is life changing in that once moving to a new perception basis having traveled the route a new world is encountered whether one would like to say to admit to it or not.

It is a foundational change.

It should be apparent that in order to establish this framework for extension requires that one be able to move through the abstractions as one would move through a new neighborhood.  On the surface you may only see the framework and not know of the further efforts or the attempts by which you have set up access to new information. New homes new people new thoughts and events.

Establishing this route requires that one understand they may had not be using another systemic approach and that they were trying to explain that they had established their own. So we are talking about developing systemic approaches to new discoveries here about the nature of our world?

So the level of perception is a mathematical one. Your always expressing your disdain for the approach to what is theoretically being designed yet you see no benefit to the using the framework. You call it all kinds of things....not being in touch with reality, or,  has shown no experiential attachment with regard to some phenomenological approach?

How the heck did you get to that point if you had not delved into the construct being evidential to the way in which you have pushed perception? So you can say I can see nothing and that such a abstraction is not worth the push into the capabilities of new perceptions? I shall decide to chorus the exploitative of this non attachment on a perceptional relation and repeat what others repeat.

You realize you have not venture here and we are all layman at this point....so all you see is the framework and not how you got there.

See:

• Process Fractal vs Geometry Fractals  

• Kaleidoscope  

• Liberal arts

The Rest of Reality

Gateway Voyage 

Focus 10: The first stage in separation of mind-consciousness from physical reality. "Mind awake/body asleep" is a deeply relaxed state in which awareness of physical sensory input is reduced, yet the mind is alert and attentive to experience. This gives birth to awareness that you exist with or without the physical body.  

Focus 12: A state of expanded awareness in which you can become more conscious of inner resources and guidance; a powerful and empowering state which readily lends itself to many diverse applications.  

Focus 15: A state of "no time" in which you explore beyond the constraints of time and place. Opportunities are abundant for establishing communication with larger aspects of self.

Focus 18: Self-love, self-trust, and non-judgmental acceptance 

 Focus 21: Like deep (delta) sleep, but with a significant difference. You are fully "awake" and conscious, directing the action, as you explore more deeply your personal self and the far reaches of other realities.  

Focus 22: Where humans still in the physical can have partial consciousness, remembered as dreams, deliriums, and patterns induced through chemicals  

Focus 23: Inhabited by humans who have recently exited physical existence and have not adapted to such change 

 Focus 24, 25 and 26: The Belief System territories where those who have exited the physical are residing in a particular belief system  

Focus 27: The Reception Center, Way Station, or Park, designed to ease the trauma and shock of the transition out of physical reality.