Friday, June 26, 2015

Neurobiological Affect of Quantum Processes

I am assuming the neurobiology affect of quantum processes already is an an example of the process itself, if it uses quantum mechanical processes as interference.


Abstract:
Processes undergoing quantum mechanics, exhibit quantum interference effects.In this case quantum probabilities result to be different from classical probabilities because they contain an additional main point that in fact is called the quantum interference term. We use ambiguous figures to analyse if during perception cognition of human subjects we have violation of the classical probability field and quantum interference. The experiments, conducted on a group of 256 subjects, evidence that we have such quantum effect. Therefore, mental states, during perception cognition of ambiguous figures, follow quantum mechanics.
pg 2 -Mental states follow quantum mechanics during perception and cognition of ambiguous figures. -


The use of eeg machinery is already established as interferences patterns, hence, brain wave patterns?

However neuroscience finds it hard to identify the crucial link existing between empirical studies that are currently described in psychological terms and the data that arise instead described in neurophysiological terms. Mental states follow quantum mechanics during perception and cognition of ambiguous figures


A question that may arise is, as to the definitive state of entanglement as an ambiguous figure. While interference affects as ambiguous perceptions, which arise as mental patterns as wave forms prior too? Thus, the collapse of the wave function, as an entanglement.


An indication arises from quantum mechanics. Quantum theory represents the most confirmed and celebrated theory of science. Started in 1927 by founder fathers as Bohr, Heisenberg, Schrödinger, and Pauli, it has revolutionized our understanding of the physical reality in both scientific and epistemological fields. pg 5


The image recognition could be characterized by synchronization of firings in a neural network responsible for image recognition. Such a synchronization may be conceived as a stabilization to a fixed frequency of firings, and thus can be considered as a version of the collapse of the wave function. pg 8

Ambiguous Perception



Ambiguous perception. A good example is bistable perception, which concerns alternating views of ambiguous figures, such as the Necker cube. Atmanspacher, Filk, and R€omer (2004) and Atmanspacher and Filk (2010) developed a detailed model describing a number of psychophysical features of bistable perception that have been experimentally demonstrated. In addition, Atmanspacher and Filk (2010, 2013) predicted that particular distinguished states in bistable perception may violate the temporal Bell inequalities—a litmus test for quantum behavior. Other research applying quantum theory to perception of ambiguous figures has been carried out by Conte et al. (2009).pg 9 -http://www.thedocc.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/J18.-Wang-et-al-2013-quantum-cognition.pdf




The lines can change perspective and position.... as if the cube is protruding outward or inward(The orientation of the Necker cube can also be altered by shifting the observer's point of view. When seen from apparent above, one face tends to be seen closer; and in contrast, when seen from a subjective viewpoint that is below, a different face comes to the fore) as to describe it's geometric shape. Other examples here can be found(Rubin's vase -(These types of stimuli are both interesting and useful because they provide an excellent and intuitive demonstration of the figure–ground distinction the brain makes during visual perception.).


The Necker cube is used in epistemology (the study of knowledge) and provides a counter-attack against naïve realism. Naïve realism (also known as direct or common-sense realism) states that the way we perceive the world is the way the world actually is. The Necker cube seems to disprove this claim because we see one or the other of two cubes, but really, there is no cube there at all: only a two-dimensional drawing of twelve lines. We see something which is not really there, thus (allegedly) disproving naïve realism. This criticism of naïve realism supports representative realism. Necker cube -http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necker_cube#Epistemology


Bold added to emphasize, direct and indirect realism- a dualism I believe occurs here, points toward the foundation, as Bohr looking at William James which lead to Heisenberg Uncertainty principal(Quantum Cognition and Bounded Rationality PG 27 to Pg 30)....and other assumptions.

There are no phenomenological experiments to suggest quantum cognition is real other then to see how the model works in relation too, questions and answers, or, to declare entanglement as a self evident state in my view.

The Necker cube is a paradigmatic example for bistable perception where pattern reversal obeys a particular probability distribution. Atmanspacher, Filk and Römer (2004) discussed this switching dynamics in terms of the quantum Zeno effect where “observation” (here attending to a percept) increases the dwell-time of an otherwise fast decaying unobserved state. Quantum Cognition, Bistable perception


Regarding consciousness then.

For example, subjects who stare continuously at a Necker cube usually report that they experience it "flipping" between two 3D configurations, even though the stimulus itself remains the same.[72] The objective is to understand the relationship between the conscious awareness of stimuli (as indicated by verbal report) and the effects the stimuli have on brain activity and behavior. In several paradigms, such as the technique of response priming,.[73] the behavior of subjects is clearly influenced by stimuli for which they report no awarenessConsciousness -


Awareness as irrationality shows then, that such information as to reaching our cognitive status as irrationality, can move to identify with a self evident position. This may help to show the process of inductive deductive relationship which leads to an over arching position as to being self evident. Aristotle, did not jettison Plato.

Wednesday, June 24, 2015

Contextualization and Ambigous Perception

The first, “contextuality,” is a way to understand interference effects found with inferences and decisions under conditions of uncertainty. The second, “quantum entanglement,” allows cognitive phenomena to be modelled in non-reductionist ways. Quantum Models of Cognition and Decision (PDF)


Yes contextualization matters, and it is not just the math, but avenues to understanding depth psychology. This distinction was pointed out twice on rationality with regard perception and Jung, as it was written by Blutner ( -http://www.blutner.de ) One might find some information on his personal interests that I presented as a paper written by him that might help.

I did not mention his interest to music for further research (Modelling tonal attraction: Tonal hierarchies, interval cycles, and quantum probabilities.) I mentioned the Necker Cube for a reason. If it is not an entangle state what does contextual mean? "Spread out" as if a parable? What is the essence of the parable as it is taken to mean to you becomes the entangled state. What did you get from it? Alternating back and forth the Necker Cube becomes an example of this process to say, how one can transfer back and forth between contextualize and the entanglement.
In the present literature, there are several approaches that seek for a general justification of quantum probabilities in the context of cognitive science. For example, Kitto (2008) considers very complex systems such as the growth and evolution of natural languages and other cultural systems and argues that the description of such systems cannot be separated from their context of interaction. She argues that quantum interaction formalisms provide a natural model of these systems “because a mechanism for dealing with such contextual dependency is inbuilt into the quantum formalism itself”. Hence, the question of why quantum interaction is necessary in modelling cognitive phenomena is answered by referring to its nature as a complex epistemic system. Quantum Cognition -

Bold and underline added by me for emphasis

See also videos at ICI Berlin by Harald Atmanspacher as listed. https://www.ici-berlin.org/videos/atmanspacher/part/1/
It is widely accepted that consciousness or, more generally, mental activity is in some way correlated to the behavior of the material brain. Since quantum theory is the most fundamental theory of matter that is currently available, it is a legitimate question to ask whether quantum theory can help us to understand consciousness. Several programmatic approaches answering this question affirmatively, proposed in recent decades, will be surveyed. It will be pointed out that they make different epistemological assumptions, refer to different neurophysiological levels of description, and use quantum theory in different ways. For each of the approaches discussed, problematic and promising features will be equally highlighted.Quantum Approaches to Consciousness -


As related earlier, if it's not in the brain where and how is quantum theory being used?

Tuesday, June 09, 2015

Peering into a Blackhole



See:Peering Into a Blackhole

Before Making a descision

Thinking means evaluating information or ideas rationally and logically. Jung called this a rational function, meaning that it involves decision making or judging, rather than the simple intake of information. Feeling, like thinking, is a matter of evaluating information, this time by weighing one’s overall emotional response. Sensing means what it says: getting information by means of the senses. A sensing person is good at looking and listening and generally getting to know the world. Jung called this an irrational function, meaning that it involved perception rather than judgment of information. INtuiting is a kind of perception that works outside of the usual conscious processes. It is irrational or perceptual, like sensing, but comes from the complex integration of large amounts of information, rather than simple seeing or hearing. Jung said it was like seeing around corners.4 Two qubits for C.G. Jung’s theory of personality R. Blutner, E. Hochnadel / Cognitive Systems Research 11 (2010) 243–259 (pdf)

The contextualization of this example above in quote may help to see how Quantum Cognition is understood from my perspective. If you are aware of such a state as INtuiting, and if irrationality is to be discerned from such an examination, how is it possible to receive the understanding as, "judgement and decision, and even belief, before it is made. Before one becomes entangled? To withhold Judgement, as if to exist in such a state, means that information, is retained,  as if a parable, and while holding the information "in that state," aware of what can happen if you become entangled?

Fig. 1. Two pairs of opposite psychological functions: Thinking and Feeling [rational opposites], Sensation/iNtuition [irrational opposites]. Jung takes this two-dimensional representation in order to demonstrate the dependencies between the psychological functions. For example, Thinking and Feeling are opposites and conflict with each other (assuming one fixed attitude). However, their effect can be modified by using the irrational functions (Sensation and iNtuition, respectively). The numbers enumerate eight sectors in dependence of what are the two dominant functions (see Table 1 and the associated text for more explanations). See Paper above for information

One has to know in advance that such a decision entangles and that the understanding of the Necker cube in advance, gives an alternating relation of the parable and entanglement, as a choice before the entanglement happens.
***

In abstraction, information is liken too, the ability to gather information. You are not making a decision other then to present the equation as a source of information. This is currently be described as the quantifiable. It is a parable of sorts,  until,  the equation leads to a pure state. A self evident state. Then,  you are entangled.


So are people just incapable of thinking logically? Maybe. But in recent years a number of investigators have developed the view that those supposedly irrational choices merely reflect the fact that people’s brains are guided by the mathematical principles of quantum physics. Quantum math makes human irrationality more sensible

***


See Also:




Thursday, June 04, 2015

Holographic Universe, The Secret beyond Matter.

Now you must understand while this supposed question of the understanding behind a Platonist heaven has some place here in the conversation, I had been pushing forward.  I am of course interested in the science, so as to understand reality. So what follows has been on the books of metaphysics for sometime it seems. I want to clarify these thoughts and ideas in context of today's science. What is truth and what is not.



This video had been cut to form "another video." It is important to see how this was done. Go to the time of the original video on display of 20:15 and see where this continues in second video.

Perception, is an interesting subject.



Yet logically another non-dual option remains, namely virtualism, that a mind-independent, non-physical reality outputs the physical world by processing. In this admittedly radical view, the "ghostly" world of quantum theory is real and the physical world is like a screen image thrown up The Virtual Reality Conjecture -http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1110/1110.3307.pdf


On page 16 of VR conjecture I noticed a link at bottom of page that lead me to a video that I thought interesting. But, at the same time, the end, was quite shocking( See: The Real Absolute Being at 20:15)

The shift over to a universal permanence by name, had me wondering how many had jumped the gun, to have given this reality, a name? Advanced the issue of religion, as was entitled by name to see that it occupied, as if a place. A place in Plato's Heaven. So you choose who by name your (Absolute Real Being), Metaphysics has then lead us to this?

But honestly, you have to see the first part up to 20:15 and especially at 15:26 with regard to the perceived. Now, how guilty should I have been to see that I held some similar belief, that I may refer to the Platonist heaven as a function of the wave, now sees some Islamic fundamentalism that takes hold. No, it does not have to go by the name of Allah as it is spoke of by inference as that of the Holy Grail, in original video?

So while having been deflected as to follow a link on a page, the real issue here is what the first part of the video is speaking too. Any problems with this to help identify the Self?

Now of course how this video was used is important.  The issue of Quantum cognition is important to see some perspectives as they have been revealed  as metaphysical as well an understanding that we are in need of qualifying the process of sight, as issues of Quantum Theory?

***


Quantum Models of Cognition and Decision Much of our understanding of human thinking is based on probabilistic models. This innovative book by Jerome R. Busemeyer and Peter D. Bruza argues that, actually, the underlying mathematical structures from quantum theory provide a much better account of human thinking than traditional models. They introduce the foundations for modelling probabilistic-dynamic systems using two aspects of quantum theory. The first, “contextuality,” is a way to understand interference effects found with inferences and decisions under conditions of uncertainty. The second, “quantum entanglement,” allows cognitive phenomena to be modelled in non-reductionist ways. Employing these principles drawn from quantum theory allows us to view human cognition and decision in a totally new light. Introducing the basic principles in an easy-to-follow way, this book does not assume a physics background or a quantum brain and comes complete with a tutorial and fully worked-out applications in important areas of cognition and decision. Quantum Models of Cognition and Decision -
Also see here (Quantum Models of Cognition and Decision -  Bold and underlined added for emphasis by me.

In relation to the parable and what is distinct in the parable, was an example that I thought to bring forward as I understood it. This help me to see how quantum cognition is used(contextualized and entangled") and are looked at. Without a reductionist view, entangled takes on new meaning as to make a judgement or a decision. To make a distinction, means that in the parable you have decided, while interference, is a type of wave. The necker Cube is important here.

The Necker cube is used in epistemology (the study of knowledge) and provides a counter-attack against naïve realism. Naïve realism (also known as direct or common-sense realism) states that the way we perceive the world is the way the world actually is. The Necker cube seems to disprove this claim because we see one or the other of two cubes, but really, there is no cube there at all: only a two-dimensional drawing of twelve lines. We see something which is not really there, thus (allegedly) disproving naïve realism. This criticism of naïve realism supports representative realism. Necker cube -
Bold added to emphasize, direct and indirect realism. Again, I am not qualified to the extent to say parable is a good example, but, I think this will help greatly to look at as an example and the Necker cube, as given in the following quotes.

The Necker cube is a paradigmatic example for bistable perception where pattern reversal obeys a particular probability distribution. Atmanspacher, Filk and Römer (2004) discussed this switching dynamics in terms of the quantum Zeno effect where “observation” (here attending to a percept) increases the dwell-time of an otherwise fast decaying unobserved state. Quantum Cognition, Bistable perception -
I think by giving examples one might understand this better, and I wonder if there are others who understand, who can help describe the physics of, in the way it was here. Quantum theory is essential here then. Judgement and decisions, are entangled states.