Information and Consciousness

As I look deeper into ( Tegmark's ideas I am wondering if such affective states as emotion do describe the fluidity of feeling as a discription of all emotive states of being. While consciousness is present in such a state such a fluid system can signal other responses quite readily as a messenging system within the body. We understand well how consciousness can be moved according to such affective states.

 So to then, think of the states of abstraction that mind is given too, as a certain airiness of thought, that the brain as a consciousness system and matter defined, does not sit solely in the matter but seeks thoughts of consciousness as being in quite another state?

 Again too, I examine and wonder about judgement defined as a "matter define process" as decision making. You see these examples being defined as states of consciousness, and relevant examples of information bodily expressed, while conscious shares these facets of ideas formulated as expression from such a higher perceptive place, to reality all around?

Regarding Determinism

 You can't argue with what's staring you in the face. It is like saying there is nothing. Nothing would never have anything to offer of itself, but it is not determined that way. Nothing like determinism is lead too, by circumstance/contextuality? By our discription of what it is?

The reality just is? The very situation in the now is connected to what? A past, or a possible, future ?

 Now, if it is subjective, how is such a thing measured in Order for change to become possible, if possible at all? Well thats the thing, destiny and change is possible, even through a subjective understanding?

 While these are functioning facets of consciousness in expression, the subtitled examination is reactions in the bodily function related to these varying perspectives regarding those aspects of consciousness expressed. These become, defined in judgement, in measure. Quickly the materialist has been identified, but not the degrees with which consciousness has been expressed? Recognizing this aspect of layering that is realized in consciousness, reveals a deeper realization of the reality according to states of consciousness? What then is reductionism doing here to say that the final result is materialism , as judgement and measure? Subtle aspects and recognition of consciousness in this way helps to point out what is at work in the world of determinism that is believed to be hidden?

Paradigmatic Change as a Quantum Process

Kuhn likened the change in the phenomenal world to the Gestalt-switch that occurs when one sees the duck-rabbit diagram first as (representing) a duck then as (representing) a rabbit, although he himself acknowledged that he was not sure whether the Gestalt case was just an analogy or whether it illustrated some more general truth about the way the mind works that encompasses the scientific case too. 4.2 Perception, Observational Incommensurability, and World-Change

Does it seem somewhat clearer as we go through perception changes in life we see information and how this information becomes incorporated into our lives, as experience?

Abstract:

Processes undergoing quantum mechanics, exhibit quantum interference effects.In this case quantum probabilities result to be different from classical probabilities because they contain an additional main point that in fact is called the quantum interference term. We use ambiguous figures to analyse if during perception cognition of human subjects we have violation of the classical probability field and quantum interference. The experiments, conducted on a group of 256 subjects, evidence that we have such quantum effect. Therefore, mental states, during perception cognition of ambiguous figures, follow quantum mechanics.pg 2 - Mental states follow quantum mechanics during perception and cognition of ambiguous figures(PDF)

Sonifying the Cern : p )

Uploaded on Nov 6, 2010

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By analyzing data from collisions in the LHC experiments then using music to translate what they see, scientists have been able to make out faint patterns that sound like well-known tunes. (Image: Daniel Dominguez/ CERN)

 

 

See: Sonified Higgs data show a surprising result

Ya, so it was a good laugh for April 1.

The Sound of Two Black Holes Colliding

Audio Credit: Caltech/MIT/LIGO Lab

 As the black holes spiral closer and closer in together, the frequency of the gravitational waves increases. Scientists call these sounds "chirps," because some events that generate gravitation waves would sound like a bird's chirp. See: The Sound of Two Black Holes Colliding

This is an Audio Animation above.

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The upcoming network of Earth-based detectors, comprising Advanced Virgo, KAGRA in Japan, and possibly a third LIGO detector in India, will help scientists determine the locations of sources in the sky. This would tell us where to aim “traditional” telescopes that collect electromagnetic radiation or neutrinos. Combining observational tools in this way would be the basis for a new research field, sometimes referred to as “multimessenger astronomy” [7]. Soon we will also collect the first results from LISA Pathfinder, a spacecraft experiment serving as a testbed for eLISA, a space-based interferometer. eLISA will enable us to peer deeper into the cosmos than ground-based detectors, allowing studies of the formation of more massive black holes and investigations of the strong-field behavior of gravity at cosmological distances [8].See: Viewpoint: The First Sounds of Merging Black Holes

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See Also:

• Guest Post: Daniel Hoak, Gravitational Waves: How We Did It
• Viewpoint: The First Sounds of Merging Black Holes
• No Hair Theorem

Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect

The Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect (often abbreviated as the SZ effect) is the result of high energy electrons distorting the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) through inverse Compton scattering, in which the low energy CMB photons receive an average energy boost during collision with the high energy cluster electrons. Observed distortions of the cosmic microwave background spectrum are used to detect the density perturbations of the universe. Using the Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect, dense clusters of galaxies have been observed.

Contents

• 1 Introduction
• 2 Timeline of observations
• 3 See also
• 4 References
• 5 Further reading
• 6 External links

Introduction

The Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect can be divided into:

• thermal effects, where the CMB photons interact with electrons that have high energies due to their temperature
• kinematic effects, a second-order effect where the CMB photons interact with electrons that have high energies due to their bulk motion (also called the Ostriker–Vishniac effect, after Jeremiah P. Ostriker and Ethan Vishniac.^[1])
• polarization

Rashid Sunyaev and Yakov Zel'dovich predicted the effect, and conducted research in 1969, 1972, and 1980. The Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect is of major astrophysical and cosmological interest. It can help determine the value of the Hubble constant. To distinguish the SZ effect due to galaxy clusters from ordinary density perturbations, both the spectral dependence and the spatial dependence of fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background are used. Analysis of CMB data at higher angular resolution (high l values) requires taking into account the Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect.

First detected by Mark Birkinshaw at the University of Bristol

Current research is focused on modelling how the effect is generated by the intracluster plasma in galaxy clusters, and on using the effect to estimate the Hubble constant and to separate different components in the angular average statistics of fluctuations in the background. Hydrodynamic structure formation simulations are being studied to gain data on thermal and kinetic effects in the theory.^[2] Observations are difficult due to the small amplitude of the effect and to confusion with experimental error and other sources of CMB temperature fluctuations. However, since the Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect is a scattering effect, its magnitude is independent of redshift. This is very important: it means that clusters at high redshift can be detected just as easily as those at low redshift. Another factor which facilitates high-redshift cluster detection is the angular scale versus redshift relation: it changes little between redshifts of 0.3 and 2, meaning that clusters between these redshifts have similar sizes on the sky. The use of surveys of clusters detected by their Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect for the determination of cosmological parameters has been demonstrated by Barbosa et al. (1996). This might help in understanding the dynamics of dark energy in forthcoming surveys (SPT, ACT, Planck).

 

Timeline of observations

• 1983 – Researchers from the Cambridge Radio Astronomy Group and the Owens Valley Radio Observatory first detect the Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect from clusters of galaxies.
• 1993 – The Ryle Telescope is the first telescope to image a cluster of galaxies in the Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect.
• 2003 – The WMAP spacecraft maps the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) over the whole sky with some (limited) sensitivity to the Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect
• 2005 – The Atacama Pathfinder Experiment – Sunyaev-Zel'dovich camera saw first light and shortly after began pointed observations of galaxy clusters.
• 2005 – The Arcminute Microkelvin Imager and the Sunyaev–Zel'dovich Array each begin surveys for very high redshift clusters of galaxies using the Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect
• 2007 – The South Pole Telescope (SPT) saw first light on 16 February 2007, and began science observations in March of that same year.
• 2007 – The Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) saw first light on 8 June, and will soon begin an SZ survey of galaxy clusters.
• 2008 – The South Pole Telescope (SPT) discover for the first time galaxy clusters via the SZ effect.
• 2009 – The Planck spacecraft, launched on 14 May 2009, to realize a full sky SZ survey of galaxy clusters.
• 2012 – The Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) performs the first statistical detection of the kinematic SZ effect.^[3]
• 2012 – The first detection of the kinematic SZ effect in an object is observed in MACS J0717.5+3745,^[4] confirmed in 2013.^[5]

 

See also

• Background radiation
• Compton effect
• Cosmic microwave background radiation
• Rashid Sunyaev
• Yakov Zel'dovich
• Yoel Rephaeli

 

References

Ostriker, Jeremiah P. & Vishniac, Ethan T. (1986). "Effect of gravitational lenses on the microwave background, and 1146+111B,C". Nature 322 (6082): 804. Bibcode:1986Natur.322..804O. doi:10.1038/322804a0.

Cunnama D., Faltenbacher F.; Passmoor S., Cress C.; Cress, C.; Passmoor, S. (2009). "The velocity-shape alignment of clusters and the kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect". MNRAS Letters 397 (1): L41–L45. arXiv:0904.4765. Bibcode:2009MNRAS.397L..41C. doi:10.1111/j.1745-3933.2009.00680.x.

Hand, Nick; Addison, Graeme E.; Aubourg, Eric; Battaglia, Nick; Battistelli, Elia S.; Bizyaev, Dmitry; Bond, J. Richard; Brewington, Howard; Brinkmann, Jon; Brown, Benjamin R.; Das, Sudeep; Dawson, Kyle S.; Devlin, Mark J.; Dunkley, Joanna; Dunner, Rolando; Eisenstein, Daniel J.; Fowler, Joseph W.; Gralla, Megan B.; Hajian, Amir; Halpern, Mark; Hilton, Matt; Hincks, Adam D.; Hlozek, Renée; Hughes, John P.; Infante, Leopoldo; Irwin, Kent D.; Kosowsky, Arthur; Lin, Yen-Ting; Malanushenko, Elena; et al. (2012). "Detection of Galaxy Cluster Motions with the Kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect". Physical Review Letters 109 (4): 041101. arXiv:1203.4219. Bibcode:2012PhRvL.109d1101H. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.041101. PMID 23006072.

Mroczkowski, Tony; Dicker, Simon; Sayers, Jack; Reese, Erik D.; Mason, Brian; Czakon, Nicole; Romero, Charles; Young, Alexander; Devlin, Mark; Golwala, Sunil; Korngut, Phillip; Sarazin, Craig; Bock, James; Koch, Patrick M.; Lin, Kai-Yang; Molnar, Sandor M.; Pierpaoli, Elena; Umetsu, Keiichi; Zemcov, Michael (2012). "A Multi-wavelength Study of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect in the Triple-merger Cluster MACS J0717.5+3745 with MUSTANG and Bolocam". Astrophysical Journal 761: 47. arXiv:1205.0052. Bibcode:2012ApJ...761...47M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/761/1/47 (inactive 2015-01-09).

Sayers, Jack; Mroczkowski, T.; Zemcov, M.; Korngut, P. M.; Bock, J.; Bulbul, E.; Czakon, N. G.; Egami, E.; Golwala, S. R.; Koch, P. M.; Lin, K.-Y.; Mantz, A.; Molnar, S. M.; Moustakas, L.; Pierpaoli, E.; Rawle, T. D.; Reese, E. D.; Rex, M.; Shitanishi, J. A.; Siegel, S.; Umetsu, K. (2013). "A Measurement of the Kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Signal Toward MACS J0717.5+3745". Astrophysical Journal 778: 52. arXiv:1312.3680. Bibcode:2013ApJ...778...52S. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/778/1/52.

Further reading

• Rephaeli, Y. (1995). "Comptonization Of The Cosmic Microwave Background: The Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect". Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 33 (1): 541–580. Bibcode:1995ARA&A..33..541R. doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.33.090195.002545.
• Barbosa, D.; Bartlett, J. G.; Blanchard, A.; Oukbir, J. (1996). "The Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect and the value of Ω₀". Astronomy and Astrophysics 314: 14. arXiv:astro-ph/9511084. Bibcode:1996A&A...314...13B.
• Birkinshaw, M.; Gull, S. F.; Hardebeck, H. (1984). "The Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect towards three clusters of galaxies". Nature 309 (5963): 34–35. Bibcode:1984Natur.309...34B. doi:10.1038/309034a0.
• Birkinshaw, Mark (1999). "The Sunyaev Zel'dovich Effect". Physics Reports 310 (2–3): 97–195. arXiv:astro-ph/9808050. Bibcode:1999PhR...310...97B. doi:10.1016/S0370-1573(98)00080-5.
• Cen, Renyue; Jeremiah P. Ostriker (1994). "A hydrodynamic approach to cosmology: the mixed dark matter cosmological scenario". The Astrophysical Journal 431: 1. arXiv:astro-ph/9404011. Bibcode:1994ApJ...431..451C. doi:10.1086/174499.
• Hu, Jian; Yu-Qing Lou (2004). "Magnetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect in galaxy clusters". ApJL 606: L1–L4. arXiv:astro-ph/0402669. Bibcode:2004ApJ...606L...1H. doi:10.1086/420896.
• Ma, Chung-Pei; J. N. Fry (27 May 2002). "Nonlinear Kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect". PRL 88 (21): 211301. arXiv:astro-ph/0106342. Bibcode:2002PhRvL..88u1301M. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.211301.
• Myers, A. D.; Shanks, T.; et al. (2004). "Evidence for an Extended SZ Effect in WMAP Data". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 347 (4): L67–L72. arXiv:astro-ph/0306180. Bibcode:2004MNRAS.347L..67M. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07449.x.
• Springel, Volker; White, Martin; Hernquist, Lars (2001). "Hydrodynamic Simulations of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect(s)". ApJ 549 (2): 681–687. arXiv:astro-ph/0008133. Bibcode:2001ApJ...549..681S. doi:10.1086/319473.
• Sunyaev, R. A.; Ya. B. Zel'dovich (1970). "Small-Scale Fluctuations of Relic Radiation". Astrophysics and Space Science 7: 3. Bibcode:1970Ap&SS...7....3S. doi:10.1007/BF00653471 (inactive 2015-01-09).
• Sunyaev, R. A.; Ia. B Zel'dovich (1980). "Microwave background radiation as a probe of the contemporary structure and history of the universe". Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 18 (1): 537–560. Bibcode:1980ARA&A..18..537S. doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.18.090180.002541.
• Diego, J. M.; Martinez, E.; Sanz, J. L.; Benitez, N.; Silk, J. (2002). "The Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect as a cosmological discriminator". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 331 (3): 556–568. arXiv:astro-ph/0103512. Bibcode:2002MNRAS.331..556D. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05039.x.
• Royal Astronomical Society, Corrupted echoes from the Big Bang? RAS Press Notice PN 04/01

External links

• Corrupted echoes from the Big Bang? innovations-report.com.
• Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect on arxiv.org

BICEP 3

See: Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation - Sixty Symbols

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See: BICEP: Robinson Gravitational Wave Background Telescope

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See Also:

• Science

No-Hair Theorem

The no-hair theorem postulates that all black hole solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell equations of gravitation and electromagnetism in general relativity can be completely characterized by only three externally observable classical parameters: mass, electric charge, and angular momentum.^[1] All other information (for which "hair" is a metaphor) about the matter which formed a black hole or is falling into it, "disappears" behind the black-hole event horizon and is therefore permanently inaccessible to external observers. Physicist John Archibald Wheeler expressed this idea with the phrase "black holes have no hair"^[1] which was the origin of the name. In a later interview, John Wheeler says that Jacob Bekenstein coined this phrase.^[2]

The first version of the no-hair theorem for the simplified case of the uniqueness of the Schwarzschild metric was shown by Werner Israel in 1967.^[3] The result was quickly generalized to the cases of charged or spinning black holes.^[4][5] There is still no rigorous mathematical proof of a general no-hair theorem, and mathematicians refer to it as the no-hair conjecture. Even in the case of gravity alone (i.e., zero electric fields), the conjecture has only been partially resolved by results of Stephen Hawking, Brandon Carter, and David C. Robinson, under the additional hypothesis of non-degenerate event horizons and the technical, restrictive and difficult-to-justify assumption of real analyticity of the space-time continuum.

Contents

• 1 Example
• 2 Changing the reference frame
• 3 Four-dimensional space-time
• 4 Extensions
• 5 Counterexamples
• 6 Observational results
• 7 See also
• 8 References
• 9 External links

 

Example

Suppose two black holes have the same masses, electrical charges, and angular momenta, but the first black hole is made out of ordinary matter whereas the second is made out of antimatter; nevertheless, they will be completely indistinguishable to an observer outside the event horizon. None of the special particle physics pseudo-charges (i.e., the global charges baryonic number, leptonic number, etc.) are conserved in the black hole.^{[citation needed]}

Changing the reference frame
 
Every isolated unstable black hole decays rapidly to a stable black hole; and (excepting quantum fluctuations) stable black holes can be completely described (in a Cartesian coordinate system) at any moment in time by these eleven numbers:

• mass-energy M,
• linear momentum P (three components),
• angular momentum J (three components),
• position X (three components),
• electric charge Q.

These numbers represent the conserved attributes of an object which can be determined from a distance by examining its gravitational and electromagnetic fields. All other variations in the black hole will either escape to infinity or be swallowed up by the black hole.
By changing the reference frame one can set the linear momentum and position to zero and orient the spin angular momentum along the positive z axis. This eliminates eight of the eleven numbers, leaving three which are independent of the reference frame. Thus any black hole which has been isolated for a significant period of time can be described by the Kerr–Newman metric in an appropriately chosen reference frame.

Four-dimensional space-time

The no-hair theorem was originally formulated for black holes within the context of a four-dimensional spacetime, obeying the Einstein field equation of general relativity with zero cosmological constant, in the presence of electromagnetic fields, or optionally other fields such as scalar fields and massive vector fields (Proca fields, spinor fields, etc.).^{[citation needed]}

Extensions

It has since been extended to include the case where the cosmological constant is positive (which recent observations are tending to support).^[6]
Magnetic charge, if detected as predicted by some theories, would form the fourth parameter possessed by a classical black hole.

Counterexamples

Counterexamples in which the theorem fails are known in spacetime dimensions higher than four; in the presence of non-abelian Yang-Mills fields, non-abelian Proca fields, some non-minimally coupled scalar fields, or skyrmions; or in some theories of gravity other than Einstein’s general relativity. However, these exceptions are often unstable solutions and/or do not lead to conserved quantum numbers so that "The 'spirit' of the no-hair conjecture, however, seems to be maintained".^[7] It has been proposed that "hairy" black holes may be considered to be bound states of hairless black holes and solitons.
In 2004, the exact analytical solution of a (3+1)-dimensional spherically symmetric black hole with minimally coupled self-interacting scalar field was derived.^[8] This showed that, apart from mass, electrical charge and angular momentum, black holes can carry a finite scalar charge which might be a result of interaction with cosmological scalar fields such as the inflaton. The solution is stable and does not possess any unphysical properties, however, the existence of scalar field with desired properties is only speculative.

Observational results

The LIGO results provide the first experimental observation of the uniqueness or no-hair theorem.^[9][10] This observations are consistent with Stephen Hawking theoretical work on black holes in the 1970s.^[11][12]

See also

• Black hole information paradox
• Event Horizon Telescope

References

1. 
   

Misner, Charles W.; Thorne, Kip S.; Wheeler, John Archibald (1973). Gravitation. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman. pp. 875–876. ISBN 0716703343. Retrieved 24 January 2013.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BIHPWKXvGkE&feature=youtu.be&t=6m

Israel, Werner (1967). "Event Horizons in Static Vacuum Space-Times". Phys. Rev. 164 (5): 1776–1779. Bibcode:1967PhRv..164.1776I. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.164.1776.

Israel, Werner (1968). "Event horizons in static electrovac space-times". Commun. Math. Phys. 8 (3): 245–260. Bibcode:1968CMaPh...8..245I. doi:10.1007/BF01645859.

Carter, Brandon (1971). "Axisymmetric Black Hole Has Only Two Degrees of Freedom". Phys. Rev. Lett. 26 (6): 331–333. Bibcode:1971PhRvL..26..331C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.26.331.

Bhattacharya, Sourav; Lahiri, Amitabha (2007). "No hair theorems for positive Λ". arXiv:gr-qc/0702006v2.

Mavromatos, N. E. (1996). "Eluding the No-Hair Conjecture for Black Holes". arXiv:gr-qc/9606008v1.

Zloshchastiev, Konstantin G. (2005). "Coexistence of Black Holes and a Long-Range Scalar Field in Cosmology". Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 (12): 121101. arXiv:hep-th/0408163. Bibcode:2005PhRvL..94l1101Z. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.121101.

"Gravitational waves from black holes detected". BBC News. 11 February 2016.

"Gravitational waves detected 100 years after Einstein's prediction" (PDF). LIGO. February 11, 2016. Retrieved 11 February 2016.

https://www.facebook.com/stephenhawking/posts/965377523549345 Stephen Hawking

1. http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-35551144 Stephen Hawking celebrates gravitational wave discovery

External links

• Hawking, S. W. (2005). "Information Loss in Black Holes". arXiv:hep-th/0507171v2., Stephen Hawking’s purported solution to the black hole unitarity paradox, first reported in July 2004.

Categories
 

Black holes

Theorems in general relativity

Is Gravity Now part of the Standard Model?

I leave this as a open question as I will be compiling information in this regard. If the initial configuration of the source is being transmitted as gravitational waves then this is also part of "other information" being traversed through space and space-time?

Image Credit: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.

This in affect pertains to recent events regarding the detection of gravitational waves recent. So I have ideas about this now.

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See:

• When Black Holes Collide. 
• Everything you need to know about gravitational waves
• Dear Dr Bee: Can LIGO’s gravitational wave detection tell us something about quantum gravity?
•  Can LIGO Test Quantum Gravity?

Homodyne detection

Optical Homodyne Detection.

Homodyne detection is a method of detecting frequency-modulated radiation by non-linear mixing with radiation of a reference frequency, the same principle as for heterodyne detection.

In optical interferometry, homodyne signifies that the reference radiation (i.e. the local oscillator) is derived from the same source as the signal before the modulating process. For example, in a laser scattering measurement, the laser beam is split into two parts. One is the local oscillator and the other is sent to the system to be probed. The scattered light is then mixed with the local oscillator on the detector. This arrangement has the advantage of being insensitive to fluctuations in the frequency of the laser. Usually the scattered beam will be weak, in which case the (nearly) steady component of the detector output is a good measure of the instantaneous local oscillator intensity and therefore can be used to compensate for any fluctuations in the intensity of the laser.

Homodyne and heterodyne techniques are commonly used in thermoreflectance techniques.

Homodyne detection was one of the key techniques in demonstrating spooky action at a distance.^[1]

Contents

• 1 Radio technology
• 2 See also
• 3 References
• 4 External links
•  

Radio technology

In radio technology, the distinction is not the source of the local oscillator, but the frequency used. In heterodyne detection, the local oscillator is frequency-shifted, while in homodyne detection it has the same frequency as the radiation to be detected. See direct conversion receiver.

See also

• Optical heterodyne detection
• Heterodyne detection
• Heterodyne

References

1. Maria Fuwa, Shuntaro Takeda, Marcin Zwierz, Howard M. Wiseman & Akira Furusawa (24 March 2015). "Experimental proof of nonlocal wavefunction collapse for a single particle using homodyne measurements". Nature Communications 6 (6665): 6665. doi:10.1038/ncomms7665.

When Black Holes Collide

See also: What Happens When Black Holes Collide? - Kip Thorne