Beacons of Discovery

To discover what our world is made of and how it works at the most fundamental level is the challenge of particle physics. The tools of particle physics—experiments at particle accelerators and underground laboratories, together with observations of space—bring opportunities for discovery never before within reach. Thousands of scientists from universities and laboratories around the world collaborate to design, build and use unique detectors and accelerators to explore the fundamental physics of matter, energy, space and time. Together, in a common world-wide program of discovery, they provide a deep understanding of the world around us and countless benefits to society. Beacons of Discovery presents a vision of the global science of particle physics at the dawn of a new light on the mystery and beauty of the universe. See: Beacons of Discovery

See Also : The World Wide Science of Particle Physics

Message Sent Through Rock Via Neutrino Beam

See:Cern Courier:The right spin for a neutrino superfluid

If like myself you are watching the history of communication,  it becomes important to understand the advances we have on the horizon for when we are looking across the expanse of space for consideration of that information transference.

MINERvA: Bringing Neutrinos into Sharp Focus

 

Like radio waves, neutrino beams spread out. Moving farther away from the neutrino source is somewhat like driving away from a radio tower: Eventually you lose the signal. Until physicists create more intense beams of neutrinos or build more powerful detectors, the goal of using neutrinos to communicate with people under the sea or outside Earth’s orbit will remain out of reach.See:Scientists send encoded message through rock via neutrino beam

  While relativistic interpretations are understood with Muon detection scenarios we are able to understand some things about the earth that we had not known before. So in this case we see where such communications are already defining for us some information about the world we live in.

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 Update:

DEMONSTRATION OF COMMUNICATION USING NEUTRINOS

 Beams of neutrinos have been proposed as a vehicle for communications under unusual circumstances, such as direct point-to-point global communication, communication with submarines, secure communications and interstellar communication. We report on the performance of a low-rate communications link established using the NuMI beam line and the MINERvA detector at Fermilab. The link achieved a decoded data rate of 0.1 bits/sec with a bit error rate of 1% over a distance of 1.035 km, including 240 m of earth.

ICARUS: the neutrino speed discrepancy is 0, not 60 ns

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 We examine the possibility to employ neutrinos to communicate within the galaxy. We discuss various issues associated with transmission and reception, and suggest that the resonant neutrino energy near 6.3 PeV may be most appropriate. In one scheme we propose to make Z^o particles in an overtaking e^+ - e^- collider such that the resulting decay neutrinos are near the W^- resonance on electrons in the laboratory. Information is encoded via time structure of the beam. In another scheme we propose to use a 30 PeV pion accelerator to create neutrino or anti-neutrino beams. The latter encodes information via the particle/anti-particle content of the beam, as well as timing. Moreover, the latter beam requires far less power, and can be accomplished with presently foreseeable technology. Such signals from an advanced civilization, should they exist, will be eminently detectable in neutrino detectors now under construction. See:Galactic Neutrino Communication by John G. Learned, Sandip Pakvasa, A. Zee

See Also:

• Galactic Neutrino Communications 
• Muons reveal the interior of volcanoes
• Energy Boost From Shock Front

Rara Avis in Terris Nigroque Simillima Cygno

Statistical and applied probabilistic knowledge is the core of knowledge; statistics is what tells you if something is true, false, or merely anecdotal; it is the "logic of science"; it is the instrument of risk-taking; it is the applied tools of epistemology; you can't be a modern intellectual and not think probabilistically—but... let's not be suckers. The problem is much more complicated than it seems to the casual, mechanistic user who picked it up in graduate school. Statistics can fool you. In fact it is fooling your government right now. It can even bankrupt the system (let's face it: use of probabilistic methods for the estimation of risks did just blow up the banking system).THE FOURTH QUADRANT: A MAP OF THE LIMITS OF STATISTICS [9.15.08]  By Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Nassim Nicholas Taleb - What is a "Black Swan?"

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SEE Also:

• The Black Swan 
• Plinko Sounds a Bit like the Galton Board

Trying to Explain an Anomaly

What and how are we communicating? I draw comparisons from what we see as early universe formations in our own data sets as to show that we can see the world in different ways. I draw comparison between the emotive states of our being too, science in it's explanation as to seeing the mechanics of,  as shown in two separate ways. Classically and in the Quantum?

Pascal's triangle

It seems it has been really difficult trying to formulate the way in which to approach explaining the anomaly that was physical in the sense of observance. That as too reciprocity as much as I could say, could such a thing exist?

“By the age of 5 we are all musical experts, so this stuff is clearly wired really deeply into us,” said Dr. Levitin, an eerily youthful-looking 49, surrounded by the pianos, guitars and enormous 16-track mixers that make his lab look more like a recording studio. This summer he published “This Is Your Brain on Music” (Dutton), a layperson’s guide to the emerging neuroscience of music. Dr. Levitin is an unusually deft interpreter, full of striking scientific trivia. For example we learn that babies begin life with synesthesia, the trippy confusion that makes people experience sounds as smells or tastes as colors. Or that the cerebellum, a part of the brain that helps govern movement, is also wired to the ears and produces some of our emotional responses to music. His experiments have even suggested that watching a musician perform affects brain chemistry differently from listening to a recording.See: Music of the Hemispheres

I too added then that such an explanation had to have the human factor of input as to say that this anomaly needed the contribution of others in order to allow the observer and the observed produce such an action. Or, is it our own recognition of acceptance of such concrete things that we had assign the reality to be in such a way as to say reality is this way.

	Ranging from slime molds to Alzheimer’s Disease, a new online exhibit, Emergent Universe (http://www.emergentuniverse.org) aims to encourage young people to learn about “emergence,” complex behaviors that arise from the interaction of simple parts. See: Emergent Universe - an online museum of science.

Constraints when applied to all senses, as to set them to being concrete we accustom ourselves to the reality around us . Reality becomes part and parcel of recognizing this capability before such concreteness, arises from such a abstract state of existence as to imply this association of an anomaly as an abstract thing?

 Color of Gravity 4
 

This is the most important song I’ve ever written, it's a time capsule song. I will listen to it every day of my life if I need to. It's honest to God the most important song I’ve ever written in my life, and it has the fewest words. I was in LA, and I was there for the summer, just writing tunes, and I was in the shower. And I don't know where it came from, but it's the damn truth you know, and I just sang, "gravity...is working against me.Gravity (John Mayer song)

So you say it is theoretical and have all the basis of science at your disposal as to imply such an equation arises from a set of proposed examples of why the universe is the way it is, that such an expression of the universe is as much the recognition of the capabilities of the universe being from all that is constitutionally recognized.

Currently science is looking for such "gathering attributes" as to understand why nature is the way it is. Emergence?

5 types of ATLAS event shape data

The data is first processed using the vast and all-powerful ATLAS software framework. This allows raw data (streams of ones and zeroes) to be converted step-by-step into ‘objects’ such as silicon detector hits and energy deposits. We can reconstruct particles using these objects. The next step is to convert the information into a file containing two or three columns of numbers known as a "breakpoint file". It can also be used as a "note list". This kind of file can be read by compositional software such as the Composers Desktop Project (CDP) and Csound software used for this project. See: How is Data Converted into Sounds

This sets the stage for questioning in my mind. If all the data is a function of information that exists and is constitutionally recognized then so too is the capability of consciousness able to manufacture the anomaly with which observance/observer of a new paradigm begins.

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Mean Gravity Field

On planet Earth, we tend to think of the gravitational effect as being the same no matter where we are on the planet. We certainly don't see variations anywhere near as dramatic as those between the Earth and the Moon. But the truth is, the Earth's topography is highly variable with mountains, valleys, plains, and deep ocean trenches. As a consequence of this variable topography, the density of Earth's surface varies. These fluctuations in density cause slight variations in the gravity field, which, remarkably, GRACE can detect from space. Gravity 101

See Also:

• Anomalistics 
•  We Are Stardust, So What does the Mind Use in Thought??

• Geodesy and geophysics

• Grail: Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory

List of KITP Wikispaces

2011

Asteroseismology in the Space Age
Topological Insulators and Superconductors
Holographic Duality and Condensed Matter Physics
Dynamics of Development (Minipgm)
Network Architecture of Brain Structures and Functions (Minipgm)
Nonperturbative Effects and Dualities in QFT and Integrable Systems
The First Year of the LHC
Biological Frontiers of Polymer and Soft Matter Physics
The Harmony of Scattering Amplitudes
The Nature of Turbulence
Galaxy Clusters: the Crossroads of Astrophysics and Cosmology
Microbial and Viral Evolution
Iron-based Superconductors

2010

Disentangling Quantum Many-Body Systems: Computational and Conceptual Approaches
Emerging Techniques in Neuroscience
Beyond Standard Optical Lattices
Langlands-Type Dualities in Quantum Field Theory
X-ray Frontiers
Electron Glasses
Physics of Glasses: Relating Metallic Glasses to Molecular, Polymeric and Oxide Glasses
Strings at the LHC and in the Early Universe
The Theory and Observation of Exoplanets
Towards Material Design Using Strongly Correlated Electron Systems
Evolutionary Perspectives on Mechanisms of Cellular Organization

2009

Formation and Evolution of Globular Clusters
Low Dimensional Electron Systems
Fundamental Aspects of Superstring Theory
Quantum Control of Light and Matter
Quantum Criticality and the AdS/CFT Correspondence
The Physics of Higher Temperature Superconductivity
Particle Acceleration in Astrophysical Plasmas
Morphodynamics of Plants, Animals and Beyond
Quantum Information Science
Excitations in Condensed Matter: From Basic Concepts to Real Materials

2008

Workshop on the Quantum Spin Hall Effect and Topological Insulators
Building the Milky Way
Population Genetics and Genomics
The Theory and Practice of Fluctuation-Induced Interactions
Gauge Theory and Langlands Duality
Dynamo Theory
Physics of Climate Change
Anatomy, Development, and Evolution of the Brain
Physics of the Large Hadron Collider
Nonequilibrium Dynamics in Particle Physics and Cosmology
Workshop on the Interplay between Numerical Relativity and Data Analysis

2007

Workshop on SRO and Chiral p-wave Superconductivity
Moments and Multiplets in Mott Materials
Star Formation Through Cosmic Time
Biological Switches and Clocks
Strongly Correlated Phases in Condensed Matter and Degenerate Atomic Systems

2006

Applications Of Gravitational Lensing: Unique Insights Into Galaxy Formation And Evolution
String Phenomenology
Stochastic Geometry and Field Theory: From Growth Phenomena to Disordered Systems
Physics of Galactic Nuclei
Attosecond Science Workshop
New Physical Approaches to Molecular and Cellular Machines

2005

From the Atomic to the Tectonic: Friction, Fracture and Earthquake Physics
Mathematical Structures in String Theory

Daya Bay

The Daya Bay site in southern China. Image: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory

An international collaboration of physicists working on a neutrino experiment in southern China announced today they have made a difficult measurement scientists have been chasing for more than a decade.

The results of the Daya Bay neutrino experiment open an important window into understanding the behavior of neutrinos, and now the race is on to determine the implications. Two American experiments, one proposed and one under construction, seem well positioned to take the next steps. See:Daya Bay experiment makes key measurement, paves way for future discoveries

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PMTs convert light from particle collisions to electric charge. Since the experiment must collect the light emitted from each event, the reflectors at top and bottom of the acrylic vessels enhance gathering of light.

See:The Daya Bay Neutrino Experiment: On Track to Completion

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Dialogos of Eide: Mysterious Behavior of Neutrinos sent Straight

Dec 24, 2009... to the NOvA detector in Minnesota. The neutrinos travel the 500 miles in less than three milliseconds. See:NOvA Neutrino Project. ***. Using the NuMI beam to search for electron neutrino appearance. The NOνA Experiment...

Dialogos of Eide: Gran Sasso and Fermilab

Oct 31, 2011 Funded by a grant from the University of Minnesota. (Credit: Fermilab Visual Media Services). ***. Fermilab experiment weighs in on neutrino mystery. Scientists of the MINOS experiment at the Department of Energy's Fermi...

Dialogos of Eide: Linking Experiments

Mar 29, 2010 Scientists would use the LBNE to explore whether neutrinos break one of the most fundamental laws of physics: the symmetry between matter and antimatter. In 1980, James Cronin and Val Fitch received the Nobel Prize for...

Dialogos of Eide: ICECUBE Blogging Research Material and more

Oct 27, 2011 Linking Experiments(Majorana, EXO); How do stars create the heavy elements? (DIANA); What role did neutrinos play in the evolution of the universe? (LBNE). In addition, scientists propose to build a generic underground...

Inspirations

Inspired on Escher's works. A free vision on how could be his workplace.

I was made aware of This Youtube video by Clifford of Asymptotia. He also linked, Lines and Colors.

Brain Mechanisms of Consciousness

Consciousness is at once the most familiar and the most mysterious feature of our existence. A new science of consciousness is now revealing its biological basis.

Once considered beyond the reach of science, the neural mechanisms of human consciousness are now being unravelled at a startling pace by neuroscientists and their colleagues. I've always been fascinated by the possibility of understanding consciousness, so it is tremendously exciting to witness – and take part in – this grand challenge for 21st century science. SEE:Consciousness: Eight questions science must answer

SEE Also: Brain Info

Geodesy and geophysics

Mean Gravity Field


Anomalies by definition would require that we understand something about our selves that we did not know before, in that the whole history of you, is a large synopsis of everything that thinks and breath? Imagine indeed that such a vast resource could defined you as in some book to know that what would come next would be the unfolding of what you have been to what you shall become.

So I veered away from this act of who you are, toward a question of our relationship with understanding the world around us. What can exist in nature as some anomaly is really our inability to describe something in nature that awes us and had never gone deeper then then on the surface observance of who we are and where we live.

Map of free-air gravity anomalies around Britain and Ireland

Variations in the strength of gravity occur from place to place according to the density distribution of the rocks beneath the surface. Such gravity anomalies have been mapped across the British Isles and the surrounding seas and they reveal aspects of these islands’ geological structure.

(Bouguer) gravity anomaly map of the state of New Jersey (USGS)

 The Bouguer anomalies usually are negative in the mountains because of isostasy: the rock density of their roots is lower, compared with the surrounding earth's mantle. Typical anomalies in the Central Alps are −150 milligals (−1.5 mm/s²). Rather local anomalies are used in applied geophysics: if they are positive, this may indicate metallic ores. At scales between entire mountain ranges and ore bodies, Bouguer anomalies may indicate rock types. For example, the northeast-southwest trending high across central New Jersey (see figure) represents a graben of Triassic age largely filled with dense basalts. Salt domes are typically expressed in gravity maps as lows, because salt has a low density compared to the rocks the dome intrudes. Anomalies can help to distinguish sedimentary basins whose fill differs in density from that of the surrounding region - see Gravity Anomalies of Britain and Ireland for example.

Bouguer Anomaly Map of Belgium and Surrounding areas

The anomalies are calculated using a uniform Bouguer reduction density of 2.67 gr/cm³ the grid was obtained by Krigging, cell size : 5 km, search radius : 30 km. The French data are copyrighted by BRGM (France).

While the examples above help to shed light on how we can perceive earth in a way that we are not accustomed too, this idea of gravity is important to understand the way in which gravitationally we my look at the world/earth. In our early years abstractly the idea of curvature was something that did not make sense until one moved beyond the Euclidean lines of understanding to a Non Euclidean view?

To that point we did not understand what the earth look like in its pearl form in space without having left the confines of earth?

I want you too look at space as well to understand what may be conceivable even though we may talk about an anomaly in nature that to this point we did not necessarily understand until we were presented with the examples as to confront and require an explanation. So you have the earth and space to contend with here.

LTool

So we graduate with the understanding with how we have seen the earth in observatory implicitness to have it detailed in a more "ugly definition of its composed parts?" To me it's not really that ugly at all,  although as you venture to take in the color representation of the component parts of our earth's geological structure,  you learn to understand the concreteness of our definitions.

Anomalistics

Charles Fort, anomalistics pioneer

Anomalistics

Terminology
Coined by	Robert W. Wescott (1973)
Definition	The use of scientific methods to evaluate anomalies with the aim of finding a rational explanation.[1]
Signature	The study of phenomena that appear to be at odds with current scientific understanding.
See also	Parapsychology Charles Fort

Anomalistics is the use of scientific methods to evaluate anomalies (phenomena that fall outside of current understanding), with the aim of finding a rational explanation.^[1] The term itself was coined in 1973 by Drew University anthropologist Roger W. Wescott, who defined it as being "...serious and systematic study of all phenomena that fail to fit the picture of reality provided for us by common sense or by the established sciences."^{[citation needed]}

Wescott credited journalist and researcher Charles Hoy Fort as being the creator of anomalistics as a field of research, and he named biologist Ivan T. Sanderson and Sourcebook Project compiler William R. Corliss as being instrumental in expanding anomalistics to introduce a more conventional perspective into the field.^[2][3]
Henry Bauer, emeritus professor of Science Studies at Virginia Tech, writes that anomalistics is "a politically correct term for the study of bizarre claims,"^[4] while David J. Hess of the Department of Science and Technology Studies at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute describes it as being "the scientific study of anomalies defined as claims of phenomena not generally accepted by the bulk of the scientific community."^[1]
Anomalistics covers several sub-disciplines, including ufology and cryptozoology. Scientifically trained anomalists include ufologist J. Allen Hynek,^[5] Carl Sagan, Christopher Chacon,^{[citation needed]} cryptozoologist Bernard Heuvelmans,^[6] and CSICOP founder Paul Kurtz.^[7]

Contents    1 Field   2 Scope 3 Validation 4 References

Field

According to Marcello Truzzi, Professor of Sociology at Eastern Michigan University, anomalistics works on the principles that "unexplained phenomena exist," but that most can be explained through the application of scientific scrutiny. Further, that something remains plausible until it has been conclusively proven not only implausible but actually impossible, something that science does not do. In 2000, he wrote that anomalistics has four basic functions:

1. to aid in the evaluation of a wide variety of anomaly claims proposed by protoscientists;
2. to understand better the process of scientific adjudication and to make that process both more just and rational;
3. to build a rational conceptual framework for both categorizing and accessing anomaly claims; and
4. to act in the role of amicus curiae ("friend of the court") to the scientific community in its process of adjudication.^[8]

 Scope

In the view of Truzzi, anomalistics has two core tenets governing its scope:

1. Research must remain within the conventional boundaries; and
2. Research must deal exclusively with "empirical claims of the extraordinary", rather than claims of a "metaphysical, theological or supernatural" nature.

Anomalistics, according to its adherents, is primarily concerned with physical events, with researchers avoiding phenomena they considered to be purely paranormal in nature, such as apparitions and poltergeists, or which are concerned with "Psi" (parapsychology, e.g., ESP, psychokinesis and telepathy).^[3]

Validation

According to Truzzi, before an explanation can be considered valid within anomalistics, it must fulfill four criteria. It must be based on conventional knowledge and reasoning; it must be kept simple and be unburdened by speculation or overcomplexity; the burden of proof must be placed on the claimant and not the researcher; and the more extraordinary the claim, the higher the level of proof required.
Bauer states that nothing can be deemed as proof within anomalistics unless it can gain "acceptance by the established disciplines."^[4]

 References

1. ^ ^{a b c} Hess David J. (1997) "Science Studies: an advanced introduction" New York University Press, ISBN 0814735649
2. ^ Clark, Jerome (1993) "Encyclopedia of Strange and Unexplained Physical Phenomena", Thomson Gale, ISBN 081038843X
3. ^ ^{a b} Wescott, Robert W. (1973) "Anomalistics: The Outline of an Emerging Field of Investigation" Research Division, New Jersey Department of Education
4. ^ ^{a b} Bauer, Henry (2000) "Science Or Pseudoscience: Magnetic Healing, Psychic Phenomena and Other Heterodoxies," University of Illinois Press, ISBN 0-252-02601-2
5. ^ Clark, Jerome (1998). The UFO book: Encyclopedia of the Extraterrestrial. Detroit, Michigan: Visible Ink Press. ISBN 1578590299.
6. ^ Science 5 November 1999: Vol. 286. no. 5442, p. 1079
7. ^ CSI - About CSI (2007-05-05)
8. ^ Truzzi, Marcello (2002) "The Perspective of Anomalistics" (section only) - "Encyclopedia of Pseudoscience", Fitzroy Dearborn, ISBN 1-57958-207-9